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Neuroprotective Potentials of Pleurotus tuberregium Polysccharides and Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides against Lead-Induced Neurotoxicity in Wistar Rats

Sobowale Michael Tosin(1), Olorundare Olufunke Esan(2), Ajayi Abayomi Mayowa(3), Ogunbodede Adedeji David(4), Emaleku Sunday Adeola(5),


(1) Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Edo state, Nigeria
(2) Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
(3) Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
(4) Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Augustine University, Ilara Epe Lagos State Nigeria.
(5) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: One of the neurotoxic chemical agents that is responsible for neurodegenerative disorder is lead acetate (Pb). Pleurotus tuberregium polysaccharide (PTP) and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) are potent bioactive compounds that can be used in the management of neurological disorder. Pleurotus tuberregium polysaccharide and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide were investigated for their neuroprotective effects against lead-induced neuronal degeneration and neurobehavioral impairments in striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of the rats. 

Materials and methods.: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (n=8). Group 1 served as control (Distilled water, ad libtum), group 2  received lead acetate (Pb, 25 mg/kg), group 3 were administered with PTP (100 mg/kg) + Pb (25 mg/kg), group 4 received GLP (100 mg/kg) +Pb (25 mg/kg), group 5 were administered with dimercaptosuccinic acid (50 mg/kg) +Pb (25 mg/kg) and group 6 received penicillamine  (30 mg/kg) +Pb (25 mg/kg). Treatment was daily orally administered for 28 days. Neurobehavioral deficits were assessed using Y-Maze test (YMT), sucrose splash test (SST) and tail suspension test (TST). Determination of brain interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-?, anti-oxidants parameters, acetylcholinesterase activity, glutamic acid decarboxylase, monoamine oxidase, dopamine, serotonin,, caspase 3, caspase 9 and histological of the brain regions were equally carried out

Results: Results showed that extract of PTP and GLP ameliorated neurobehavioural alteration in SST and YMT, enhanced antioxidants parameters in catalase and superoxide dismutase, increased neurosignalling molecules. Expression of lipid peroxidation, Interleukin -6 (IL-6), caspase 3 and caspase 9 were significantly (P ? 0.05)  decreased in PTP and GLP treated group

 Histology of the brain administered with lead acetate showed degenerated neuronal cell while the PTP and GLP treated group revealed normal neurofibrillary network Conclusion: The study showed the neuroprotective effects of PTP and GLP and their ability to ameliorate mechanism related to the released of oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines, apoptotic marker enzymes and histoarchitectural alteration in the brain regions.

Keywords


Neurodegenerative disorder, Lead acetate, Bioactive compounds, Wistar rats

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