Naringin attenuates cardiac and renal oxidative inflammatory alterations in mice exposed to post traumatic stress-induced alcohol use disorders
), Jerome N. Asiwe(2), Benjamin Oritsemuelebi(3), Emmanuel O. Chidebe(4), Jackson E. Onuelu(5), Happy Isibor(6), Orovwigho Ogheneoruese(7), Winifred E. Demaki(8), Mega O Oyovwi(9), Emuesiri G. Moke(10),
(1) DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, 330105, Delta State, Nigeria.
(2) Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, 330105, Delta State, Nigeria.
(3) DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, 330105, Delta State, Nigeria.
(4) DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, 330105, Delta State, Nigeria.
(5) DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, 330105, Delta State, Nigeria.
(6) DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, 330105, Delta State, Nigeria.
(7) DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, 330105, Delta State, Nigeria.
(8) DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, 330105, Delta State, Nigeria.
(9) Department of Human Physiology, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria.
(10) DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, 330105, Delta State, Nigeria.
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Abstract
Background: Increased oxidative stress and inflammation have important implications in cardiac and renal dysfunction associated with traumatic stress-induced alcohol use disorders (AUDs). However, little or no reports exist in literature on the cardiorenal impact of naringin, a bioactive natural flavonoid that is extracted from citrus plants with a plethora of pharmacological benefits in mice with single prolonged stress (SPS)-induced post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and AUD-like conditions. Hence, this study investigated the effect of naringin on mice exposed to PTSD-AUDinduced cardiac and renal oxidative-inflammatory disturbances.
Methods: Mice were randomly assigned to six groups: group 1 received saline (10 mL/kg) as a normal control; group 2 received saline + SPS; group 3 received ethanol (20%, 10 mL/kg, or 2 g/kg); group 4 received SPS + ethanol (2 g/kg); group 5 received SPS + ethanol (2 g/kg) + Naringin (50 mg/kg, p.o.); and group 6 received SPS + ethanol (2 g/kg) + fluoxetine (10 mg/kg). Groups 3-6 received ethanol (20%, 10 mL/kg, equivalent to 2 g/kg) on days 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, in addition to concurrent medication treatments between PTSD days 8 and 21 to induce AUD.
Results: Our results showed that alcohol exacerbated PTSD-induced inflammatory response and cardiorenal oxidative stress, as evidenced by elevated heart and kidney levels of nitrites, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6 and decreased glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities.
Conclusion: Naringin attenuates cardiac and renal oxidative-inflammatory alterations in mice co-exposed to posttraumatic stress-induced alcohol use disorders through inhibition of oxidative stress and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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