Seizure-modulating compounds identified in the leaves of Newbouldia laevis
), Emmanuel A. Soetan(2), Oluwatosin M. Adewole(3), Adetunji A. Habeebat(4), Akeem A. Ayankunle(5), Olayemi K. Wakeel(6), Oluwaseyi O. Adeyeba(7),
(1) Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
(2) Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria
(3) Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria
(4) Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
(5) Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
(6) Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
(7) Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
Corresponding Author
Abstract
Background: Convulsions in epilepsy and other ailments often lead to disability and diminished quality of life. Identification of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants may lead to development of useful anticonvulsant drugs. In this study, crude extract of Newbouldia laevis leaves and its chromatographic fractions were evaluated for anticonvulsant activity in mice and screened for bioactive compounds.
Method: Crude extract of the leaves (N-Crude) was obtained by Soxhlet extraction and subjected to chromatographic fractionation. Three main fractions, N-Green, NPink, and N-Yellow were obtained. Anticonvulsant effects of N-Crude and the fractions were evaluated by sodium barbital-induced hypnosis (45 mg/kg b.w i.p), picrotoxin-induced convulsion ((10 mg/kg b.w i.p), and strychnine-induced convulsion (2 mg/kg b.w i.p) tests. The samples were screened for bioactive compounds using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.
Results: In sodium barbital hypnosis test, N-Crude, N-Green, and N-Pink caused significant dose -dependent decrease in sleep latency and prolongation of sleep duration. In picrotoxin-induced convulsion test, they significantly prolonged seizure latency and decreased seizure duration. N-Crude and the fractions did not cause any significant difference between the control and treated groups in strychnine-induced convulsion test. They protected mice against picrotoxin-induced mortality, except in N-Yellow-treated group where 100 % mortality was recorded. GC-MS analysis of NCrude and the fractions revealed the presence of bioactive compounds. The most abundant of these compounds are benzoic acid methyl esters, neophytadiene, phytol, isophytol, cyclohexane, Isophorone, and 2(4H)-benzofuranone.
Conclusion: The results showed that N. laevis is rich in bioactive compounds which possess anticonvulsant property. Synergistic and additive effects of these compounds are likely responsible for its anticonvulsant activity.
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